Case Study Apple Inc. Essay - 1393 Words

Introduction In April 1976 Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne founded Apple. It was established in a car garage, 40 years later the same company is generating annually $233 billion in revenue. Apple Inc. provides the world with electronic devices such as the IPhone, IMac and IPod. Apple has been in in the limelight in recent time about unethical treatment of workers within its workplace. Within Chinese factories, which are contracted by Apple in order to produce nearly all of its products, workers have been pushed to the point of taking their own lives whilst on the job. This has placed a burden over one of the globes largest and trusted companies. Apple has taken action in order to rectify this issue and ensure that its organisation is ensuring the treatment of fair worker and safe working condition. Enclosed within the assignment are remedies/actions that I believe, as a student inIssue in International Business would further address the issue that is faced within Apple Inc. 1) What is the issue and how did the issue impact the firm’s international business? Apple produced and sold 231.19 million IPhones in the fiscal year of 2015, but all these IPhones come at a cost. In Apples case the cost these phones came at was â€Å"14 workers killed themselves at Apple s biggest supplier, Foxconn.† (Bilton, 2014) Apple could not ignore the issue anymore as the death of employees was tipping point of breaking Apples silence in solving the issue. Being recognised as one ofShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Apple Inc.1349 Words   |  6 Pages Case Analysis: APPLE INC.: IPODS AND ITUNES Donna Martinelli TEXAS CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY September 3, 2014 Table of Contents Executive Summary..................................................................................................3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Defining the Challenge...............................................................................................3 Analyzing the case data....................Read MoreCase Study : Apple Inc. Essay1422 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study: Apple Apple Inc. focuses on the design, manufacture, and marketing of personal computers, mobile phones, multimedia devices, and portable music players. Apple Inc. offers consumers manufactured goods under the brand names Apple Watch, iPhone, iPad, Mac, iPod, and Apple TV. Enhancing the customer experience through their proprietary software applications iOS, X, OS, and watchOS brands; and services across their Apple Pay and iCloud products (Forbes.com, 2016). Explored in detail, Apple’sRead MoreApple Inc. Case Study1494 Words   |  6 PagesApple Inc. Case Study TABLE OF CONTENTS COMPANY OVERVIEW General Description Historical Outline Industry Current Challenges Ethics and Responsibility STRATEGIC INFORMATION Mission Statement Competition SWOT Analysis HISTORICAL FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Historical Financial Information Competitive Financial Analysis Summary FUTURE PLANS Competitive Advantage Recent Performance Business Environment Recommendations Zackery Butler, Connor Daugherty, Stanashia Davis, Gabrielle Drohan, and Lauren SpearsRead MoreCase Study : Apple Inc.1971 Words   |  8 PagesCritical Essay Introduction Apple Inc. is a globally recognised pioneer in the tech industry. It is a corporation that designs, develops and sells electronic products such as tablets, computers and phones. Founded by Ronald Wayne, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in 1976, it is a multinational corporation with headquarters in Cupertino, California. Tim Cook has been CEO since Jobs’ passing in 2011. Labour conditions Despite its global recognition and status, Apple Inc. has come under scrutiny in recentRead MoreCase Study : Apple Inc.2083 Words   |  9 PagesBackground This paper presents a case study of Apple Inc. Apple Inc. is a technology based corporation with emphasis on computer software and hardware (MAC and Apps), tablets (IPad), smart phones (IPhone), and mp3 plays, (ITouch). Apple Inc. has grown tremendously over the years and ever since 2001 has expanded its brand and retail stores to over 375 stores/outlets globally. The business has seventy two thousand eight hundred employees in thirty eight countries. Apple Inc. has truly become one of theRead MoreCase Study : Apple Inc. Essay6014 Words   |  25 PagesIntroduction On a daily basis we all encounter all forms of technology. There are several technological corporations in the current industry but one stands out†¦.Apple Inc. Apple Inc. is an international corporation, situated in Cupertino, California. The company designs, manufactures and markets consumer electronics and computer software products. Apple is well known for its hardware products such as Macintosh computers, the iPod, the iPhone and its innovative software such as the Mac OS X operating systemRead MoreCase Study : Apple Inc.1943 Words   |  8 Pages Apple Inc was incorporated in 1977 by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs. As a startup company Apple Inc went through several management changes and conflicts which caused the company to lose some of its competitive advantage against companies like Dell, Gateway and Microsoft. The company designs and manufactures various products in the computer and music industry. Apple being strictly a personal computer company decided to venture into marketing other products like the iPod, a digital music player, andRead MoreApple Inc Case Study851 Words   |  4 PagesApple inc. 1) Introduction Background and summary This article present the story of Steve Jobs and it’s Apple company through two aspects. From the company history perspective and the product industry perspective. On company history side: Apple was founded by two Steves. Apple board later fired Jobs and gradually went near bankruptcy. Till 1997, Apple brought back Jobs and became the most valuable company in the world in 2012. On the product industry side, Article dig into the fieldRead MoreCase Study : Apple Inc.1417 Words   |  6 Pageschanged the world with Apple Inc Company. Both of them was out of college, they were making so much money in the computer company Apple was started with introduction of computer I computer on April 1, 1976. Apple was incorporated January 3, 1977. The Apple II was introduced on April 16, 1977 at the first West Coast computer Faire. The Apple II was chosen to be the desktop platform for the ground breaking use call spreadsheet program. He was created a business market for the Apple II and gave home usersRead MoreCase Study : Apple Inc.1732 Words   |  7 PagesApple Inc. is a California based company that was incorporated in 1977. According to University of Oregon Investment Group, â€Å"Apple operates out of 8 different segments: Desktops, Portables, iPod, iPhone, iPad, other music related products and services, peripherals and other hardware, software, service and oth er sales† (2012). According to the company’s 2013 10-K, â€Å"Apple sells its products worldwide through its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force, as well as through third-party cellular

The Political And Cultural Challenges That Feminists Have...

The feminist movement refers to a chain of crusades for economic, political, social and cultural fairness for women. Feminist scholars have segregated the history of feminism into three waves; first, second and third. The first wave concentrated on women’s suffrage, the second wave focused on political and cultural disparities and the third wave analysed the definitions of femininity which takes a broad view of white upper class women. This essay will compare and contrast these waves examining the social, political and cultural challenges that feminists have contested over time. It will also discuss whether or not a fourth wave exists and seeks to describe what this looks like. The first wave of feminism occurred in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in an environment of metropolitan industrialism and socialist and liberal politics. This wave sought to inaugurate prospects for women, paying special attention to suffrage. The wave was properly initiated in 1848 at the Seneca Falls Convention where the issue of equality for women was contested by more than 200 men and women. In its initial stages, feminism was interconnected with the temperance and abolitionist movements and allowed for famous campaigners to voice their opinions. (Rampton, 2015). The 1960’s through to the 1990’s saw the rise of the second wave of feminism. This wave evolved in the background of civil rights factions, anti-war movements as well as the cultivating awareness of a number ofShow MoreRelatedHow Assemblages Of Text And Images Can Come Together As Topographic Representations Of Space2803 Words   |  12 Pagesand ‘place’ are explored in this paper. According to Coles, borough market is an example of people ideas and ‘things’ coming together in place, the author talks about borough market having an ‘addictive buzz’, according to Malpas (1999), a place can have a particular character and identity of their own†¦ in terms of the way in which any such place is positioned. Places are thus internally differentiated and interconnected in terms of the elements that appear within them, while they also interconnectRead MoreShould Abortion Be Controlled Or Handled?1470 Words   |  6 PagesHow abortion is handled is a very big topic in the United States. The rates of abortion have grown since the legalization. Whether or not women make the decision to have an abortion can be differentiated by whether its rape related or just because of not wanting the child. Should women be able to have an abortion when they please or are these baby’s tiny humans from the time of contraception? Some women make decisions on if they want to get abortions based on the prices or whether society will judgeRead MoreQueer Theory : The Matrix2120 Words   |  9 PagesTheory Kaupapa MÄ ori Mana Wahine Value Queer theory questions creations of normal and divergent, insider, and outsider.2 Queer theorists analyse a situation or a text to determine the relationship between sexuality, power and gender. Queer theory challenges basic tropes used to organize our society and our language: even words are gendered, and through that gendering an elliptical view of the hierarchy of society, and presumption of what is male and what is female, shines through. Queer theory rejectsRead MoreCritical Social Theory : Power, Critique And Praxis3794 Words   |  16 Pagesand the Indian Independence Movement as some of the most significant examples of the operation of power and emancipatory social change since the Romantic period. Predominately, a product of the preceding Enlightenment era, the social theorist and political revolutionary, Karl Marx, lived from 1818 to 1883 and was born and educated in Germany where he studied law, philosophy and history (Siedman 2009). In 1843, Marx migrated to Paris. In 1847, Marx was commissioned by the socialist group, ‘The LeagueRead MoreWomen Helping Women2559 Words   |  11 Pageswhite, the organizations referred to were largely white, and the help the Council offered came from a colonial mindset of Whiteness as superior to all other ‘races’. Traditionally the actions of these white women over the second half of the nineteenth century is what is claimed, by those who have cared to look, as the development of the women’s movement in Victoria, BC. White women in Victoria had accomplished much in the last half of the nineteenth century. The creation and development of the WCTURead MoreSocial Issues Of China And Brazil Essay1835 Words   |   8 PagesSocial issues in both China and Brazil are constantly being addressed in order to accommodate their ever-evolving society. Throughout history, these social issues have played a crucial part in the lives of Chinese and Brazilian citizens by acting as an outlet for freedom and a method of oppression depending on the issue at hand. Being two of the most populous states in the world, it was inevitable that they would face numerous issues that threatened both the citizens and the government, such as environmentalRead MoreExploring The Nature Of Patriarchy3451 Words   |  14 Pagesrelevant model of feminist activism that can mitigate the dangers of patriarchal power imbalance between the sexes. The following are the chief points that will be further explored and discussed under the backdrop of our interest in exploring ‘rape’ and other gender based discrimination in India. 1. Exploring Rape and its relationship with patriarchal power structures. 2. The Ideological framework of Feminism and the Indian situation 3. Intersectionality as the Cognitive challenge to linear theorizationRead MoreEssay Muslim Women3041 Words   |  13 PagesMuslim women living in the United States are quite honestly more diverse, more complex, more structured, more contemplative, and more culturally intuitive than I could have ever imagined in my limited experience and knowledge of them. The ‘Americanization’ I sought to illustrate turned out to resemble something closer to a religio-cultural tug-of-war than the predicted homogeneous transformation, or adaptation, to our Western society and religious orientation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The women whose lives I read aboutRead More15. . . . . Womanism Vs Feminism . Tessa King. Evans High4725 Words   |  19 Pagesa way it kind of paralyzes the thought process of the people. Also, religion never justified that African American women even had an important place in society. â€Å"Dehumanized and demeaned as hyper-sexual Jezebels or asexual Aunt Jemimas, black women have always been considered less human, and less moral than a ‘good’ Christian white woman---the gold standard for femininity, morality, and Eurocentric beauty ideals. Thus, being tacitly religious is almost a litmus test for being a ‘good’ morally uprightRead MoreAn Essay Against Anti - Social Activities Not More Than 350 Words? Read More: Http: //Wiki.Answers.Coan Essay Against Anti Social Activities Not More Than 3505893 Words   |  24 PagesAntisocial behaviour: the construction of a crime Now the New Labour government has revealed its respect agenda, the p roblem of antisocial behaviour has moved to the forefront of political debate. But what is it? by Stuart Waiton Antisocial: opposed to the principles on which society is constituted. (Oxford English Dictionary, 1885). Antisocial: contrary to the laws and customs of society; causing annoyance and disapproval in others: childrens antisocial behaviour. (Oxford English Dictionary

Implementation Strategy for Analytics - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theImplementation Strategyfor Practical Web Analytics. Answer: Introduction The anticipating the change of the organization or the matter of the organization and the usage of those methodologies is the most critical perspective that the administration of the organization ought to take care of. The administration of the organization is in charge of bringing any positive change into the association by taking after some particular and certain procedures. the chiefs of the organization as well as the representatives of the association ought to submit to the systems arranged by the administration and the pioneers of the organization. on the off chance that the expert of the organization neglects to set up the proper methodologies and actualize them in the association, the administration of the organization could never have the capacity to get accomplishment for their organization or the matter of the organization. along these lines for the improvement of the organization, the administration would need to take after the said rules. The accompanying exposition mana ges the different parts of the making arrangements for the matter of the organization and the approaches to execute those arrangements in the association. change is something which can swing up to be truly valuable for any organization, and to bring change and adjustment the administration of the organization would need to apply the required systems in the association. Impact of the Planning of the Strategies Business style and system is changing habitually with time(Beasley, 2013). To coordinate with the change of the market and in addition the business method the organization or the administration of the organization would likewise need to receive the required changes in the association. for that the administration of the organization would need to be more wary about their business styles and would need to improve getting ready for the conduction of the business. In the event that the administration of the organization can figure out how to get ready better arranges, they would be profited from numerous points of view. The prime arrangements ought to be to enhance the worker execution of the organization for the advancement o the creation method, to enhance the nature of the client administration of the company(Emerging Technologies and Ethical Issues in Engineering, 2004). This will help the administration of the organization to fulfill the requirements of the workers of the organizati on. These are the essential changes that the administration of the organization would need to present in the association for the improvement of the organization. in the event that the administration can take care of every one of these perspectives and improve plans for these, the entire organization will be profited. Really taking shape of the arrangements for the improvement of the organization or the matter of the organization, the principle duty would need to taken by the administration of the organization and the pioneers of the company(Holliday and Cole, 2013). the prime duty of the administration of the organization is to improve arranging and techniques for the advancement without bounds of the organization. For that the administration of the organization would need to build up their own particular aptitudes and their own execution. In the wake of showing signs of improvement with their own particular occupations, they would have the capacity to give better support of the rep resentatives of the organization. all the hierarchical elements would need to be enhanced by utilizing some certain and particular methodologies. the administration of the organization or the association is the one part which is in charge of the arrangement of the systems or the anticipating the improvement of the matter of the company(Juon, Greiling and Buerkle, 2015). in the event that the administration of the organization can make great utilization of the new procedures and arranging in a legitimate and apt way, they would most likely have the capacity to get accomplishment for the improvement of the organization or the matter of the organization. these are the prime duties that the organization or the administration of the organization would need to take for the fate of the association. Implementation Procedure After the arranging of the techniques for the eventual fate of the business, it is the ideal opportunity for the administration of the organization to actualize those procedures in the organization(Kim, 2009). for instance, the administration of the organization has taken a choice to expand the compensation of the workers of the organization for the advancement of the representative fulfillment and additionally the representative execution of the organization. presently if the administration of the organization is not ready to give the said expanded compensation to the representatives of the organization, there is no benefit of making the arrangements. Consequently, actualizing the readied arrangements is as much critical as making them. For this situation likewise the administration of the organization has the primary responsibility(Marek, 2011). They are the ones who are straightforwardly associated with each of the authoritative areas of the organization. In this manner they need to buckle down and work as indicated by some arrangement for the usage of the procedures which would improve the association from numerous points of view. As specified before, it is the administration of the organization on which the eventual fate of the business depends(Rowley, 2016). On the off chance that the administration of the organization can really improve plans and afterward actualize them in the association, they would without a doubt have the capacity to get accomplishment for the organization or the matter of the organization. the administration of the organization would need to build up their own abilities for the improvement of the organization and afterward they would need to improve the representative execution. These are the prime proposals for the improvement of the organization or the exchange of the company(Sheehan, 2010). in the event that the administration can take after this specified rules with legitimate care and aptitude, they would be doubtlessly profited from numerous points of view. Issues in Implementation Obviously no two BI framework executions will ever be the same, and the way of the difficulties may shift extensively contingent upon the individual conditions at play. Through the experience of the Jisc-supported tasks, in any case, we do at any rate approach the encounters of eleven associations as they tried to advance their BI activities. In spite of the fact that each displayed their own one of a kind difficulties and arrangements, it is likewise conceivable to perceive various key usage issues which were normal to the lion's share of undertakings and which consequently are probably going to show themselves to fluctuating degrees, paying little respect to the particular hierarchical setting(Rowley, 2016). In the accompanying areas a determination of the most well-known execution issues confronted by associations dynamic around there will be inspected from the point of view of the accumulated understanding of these ventures, together with clues and tips for overcoming or maintaining a strategic distance from them. They include: Strategic Alignment This area attracts regard for the harmonious connection between your BI arrangement and institutional key arranging and the significance of them both commonly educating each other. Process Improvement Issues This area covers how a BI venture can help an association reveal existing wasteful aspects in their procedures, better interface administration with the procedures in charge of conveying information and diminish the requirement for occasional vast scale corrections in procedures. System Implementation This area covers the advantages and potential issues understood in running a pilot extend and the challenges of managing both substantial volumes of information and undertakings looking to use open information sources. Change Management This segment covers the significance of connecting with both senior administration and (potential) clients, and the risks of not doing as such. It likewise focuses on the significance of taking a gander at the potential effect of your venture from the broadest conceivable viewpoint. Data Usage This area covers the conceivable difficulties of depending on information from both interior and outer sources. It likewise analyzes the potential advantages of executing an information stockroom. Data and Management This area covers the normal issues confronted that influence information quality and the significance of handling them right on time amid a BI extend(Marek, 2011). Data Representation This segment sounds a preventative note with respect to the utilization of information perceptions, focusing on the need to not escape and to dependably manage at the top of the priority list the requirements of your client and the way that straightforward is regularly best. Vendor Issues This area recognizes that not all BI activities will include a seller or provider, yet where they do stresses a portion of the commonsense focuses important to set up in your relationship to guarantee a smooth and gainful result. Conclusion To finish up the article, it must be conceded that the arranging and the executions of the arranging of the systems are the most essential thing that the organization or the administration of the organization ought to dependably be worried of for the advancement of the business.. Presently it is up to the administration of the organization, how they sanctions to get ready better arranges and to execute them in the association. These are the main and the most important aspects that the management of the company must be aware of for the betterment of the company. if the management of the company fails to maintain the mentioned guidelines the company or the management of the company would never be able to get success in their business. References Beasley, M. (2013).Practical web analytics for user experience. 1st ed. Waltham, MA: Morgan Kaufmann. Emerging Technologies and Ethical Issues in Engineering. (2004). 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Holliday, E. and Cole, C. (2013).An Examination of Rater Agreement: The Behavioral Functioning of Children Engaged in a Wraparound Model of Care. 1st ed. Juon, C., Greiling, D. and Buerkle, C. (2015).Internet marketing start-to-finish. 1st ed. Indianapolis, Ind.: Que. Kim, Y. (2009).Combining constructed response items and multiple choice items using a hierarchical rater model. 1st ed. Marek, K. (2011).Using Web Analytics in the Library. 1st ed. Chicago, IL: ALA Editions. Rowley, J. (2016).Information marketing. 1st ed. London: Routledge. Sheehan, B. (2010).Online marketing. 1st ed. Lausanne: AVA Academia.

Janis Joplins Porsche Essay Example

Janis Joplins Porsche Paper Janis Lyn Joplin was born on January 19, 1943 and died in October 1970.She climbed to the peak of her success during the 60;s, a time of chaos, revolution and excitement.It was a turbulent an colorful period of social change in the country, where America was ripped between those who died for war and those who carved for peace. An era of baby boomers, drugs and rebellions, young adults fought for their beliefs and views to be heard in the society.They expressed themselves through rallies, uprisings and music.Janis Joplin expressed her opinions through her music and her 1965 Porsche that Dave Richards painted for her.Her car represented symbols that both defined her as an individual and the period in which she lived in. When looking at the car, one is mesmerized be the bright colors and the great details that can be seen.Dave Richards used vivid colors like yellow, orange, pink and turquoise.The car;s hood has varieties of butterflies and small blue flowers (might be Forget-Me-Nots fl owers). In the middle front, there are two faces, one looking to the right and the other to the left.In the middle of the two faces, there is an eye looking straight ahead.It is a gods-eye symbol that the band has identified with.On the right side of the front of the car, there is an image that;s very hard to make out.It might be a woman;s body with veins running through it or thin rivers of blood.On the front left fender there is a Big Brother portrait.On the left side of the car, there are little brown shapes.The impression that some may get is that it is a wall.On the same side of the car, there are drawings of mushrooms.In addition, there;s a drawing of people in love.On the back, there;s a U.S flag with stains of red paint on it as well as two faces united with a rainbow.Richards also painted a sun face with the Capricorn symbol on it and a letter J.On the right side of the car, t

Student Computer Security and Hacker Essay

Student Computer Security and Hacker Essay Student: Computer Security and Hacker Essay Honor Among Thieves and The Hacker Ethic - Information Technology Essay The rights of a person have been well defined by law and sanctions such as the United Nations, however how are they able to protect the rights of these people when they are on a un moderated medium such as the internet? A question like this brings up many grey areas of the law that have allowed the proliferation of what seems to be the most feared type of person on the internet – often referred to as Hackers. To be hacked into means that your security measures have been compromised and that they have access to your information system. With the increasing dependence of computers to store sensitive data ranging from credit cards to correspondence, the need to protect the users of these computer sytems rises also. In order to work on society to becoming better managed in protecting their interests, work needs to be done on not so much the hardware involved, but the peoples attitudes towards them. Even if a Computer was in the ideal world properly protected, a slip of the passwords or allowed physical access can bring the whole security subsystem down. All of the worked up controversy has to be put away that they (hackers) are the most powerful computer users that exist as well. If there was an Information system developed involving a large network of computer systems, who would be the most potentially dangerous person? The hacker infiltrating the system sequentially, or the System Administrator that oversees the entire maintenance of the systems with a completeness of this view much like the Popular series â€Å"Big Brother†. In this tv show, a group of people are put into a house that is a spiers bug dream – with about 120 Cameras and other nifty inventions, the every move of the person is tracked. You would think that such would be an outrage, yet this is not the case. Being the highest rating show by far on that network, The show can pull millions of dollars each time it is shown to the millions of viewers tuning in. The reason this has been mentioned is because a virus or a large â€Å"break in† by a hacker receives similar attention. The â€Å"Mellisa/I love you† virus has been the most recent and had the largest effect of any other virus before it. Reported on the news, and reaching practically everyone, this virus spread itself by embedding itself on the infected machine, and sends out emails to everyone on the persons address book on the computer. With an exponential type of effect such as this, the virus could spread to millions of people in days (and it did).If this virus had other intentions though, like data collection on the computer and sending it back to a central source, the level of profitable information received back would rival any other source of voluntary collected information in the world. When a virus is found one way or another on a common users system though, the first reaction is almost knee jerk like, being on how to remove the present virus. If there was potential to receive a virus in the first place, I feel that how it had became an problem in the first place needs to be addressed just as importantly.If a company were to do this, that is obviously unethical as their means are for profit. It is a different kettle of fish when a hacker presents a similar situation. The aurora of a hacker is a mystical one that has eluded many of their victims. To say that they are rude and arrogant would be far from the truth. A well-known hacker by the name of Kevin Mitnick bared these ethics out to the court in what appears to be a quite truthful testimony. He aired his previous hacking experience was mostly of social engineering (using pretences of other people to intimidate low level employee’s to do what they will) and that security systems were much easier to bypass by using this method. All of the time he had spent hacking also, he said in his testimony as not to make a single dime at all1 This is far in contrast to something

The Events of Septrmber 11, 2001

The Events of Septrmber 11, 2001 On the morning of September 11, 2001, Islamic extremists organized and trained by the Saudi-based jihadist group al-Qaeda hijacked four American commercial jet airliners and used them as flying bombs to carry out suicide terrorist attacks against the United States. American Airlines Flight 11 crashed into Tower One of the World Trade Center at 8:50 AM. United Airlines Flight 175 crashed into Tower Two of the World Trade Center at 9:04 AM. As the world watched, Tower Two collapsed to the ground at about 10:00 AM. This unimaginable scene was duplicated at 10:30 AM when Tower One fell.   At 9:37 AM, a third plane, American Airlines Flight 77, was flown into the west side of the Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia. The fourth plane, United Airlines Flight 93, initially being flown toward an unknown target in Washington, D.C., crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania at 10:03 AM, as passengers fought with the hijackers. Later confirmed as acting under the leadership of Saudi fugitive Osama bin Laden, the terrorists were believed to be attempting to retaliate for America’s defense of Israel and continued military operations in the Middle East since the 1990 Persian Gulf War.   The 9/11 terrorist attacks resulted in the deaths of nearly 3,000 men, women, and children and the injuries of more than 6,000 others. The attacks triggered major ongoing U.S. combat initiatives against terrorist groups in Iraq and Afghanistan and largely defined the presidency of George W. Bush. America’s Military Response to the 9/11 Terror Attacks No event since the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor propelled the nation into World War II had the American people been brought together by a shared resolved to defeat a common enemy. At 9 PM on the evening of the attacks, President George W. Bush spoke to the American people from the Oval Office of the White House, declaring, â€Å"Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve.† Foreshadowing America’s impending military response, he declared, â€Å"We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them.† On October 7, 2001, less than a month after the 9/11 attacks, the United States, supported by a multinational coalition, launched Operation Enduring Freedom in an effort to overthrow the oppressive Taliban regime in Afghanistan and destroy Osama bin Laden and his al-Qaeda terrorist network. By the end of December 2001, U.S and coalition forces had virtually eradicated the Taliban in Afghanistan. However, a new Taliban insurgency in neighboring Pakistan resulted in the continuation of the war. On March 19, 2003, President Bush ordered U.S. troops into Iraq on a mission to overthrow Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein, believed by the White House to be developing and stockpiling weapons of mass destruction while harboring Al Qaeda terrorists in his county. Following the overthrow and imprisonment of Hussein, President Bush would face criticism after a search by United Nations inspectors found no evidence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. Some argued that the Iraq War had unnecessarily diverted resources from the war in Afghanistan. Though Osama bin Laden remained at large for over a decade, the mastermind of the 9/11 terror attack was finally killed while hiding out in an Abbottabad, Pakistan building by an elite team of U.S. Navy Seals on May 2, 2011. With the demise of bin Laden, President Barack Obama announced the beginning of large-scale troop withdrawals from Afghanistan in June 2011. As Trump Takes Over, War Goes On Today, 16 years and three presidential administrations after the 9/11 terror attacks, the war continues. While its official combat role in Afghanistan ended in December 2014, the United States still had nearly 8,500 troops stationed there when President Donald Trump took over as Commander in Chief in January 2017. In August 2017, President Trump authorized the Pentagon to increase the troop levels in Afghanistan by several thousand and announced a change in policy regarding the release of future troop level numbers in the region. â€Å"We will not talk about numbers of troops or our plans for further military activities, Trump said. Conditions on the ground, not arbitrary timetables, will guide our strategy from now on,† he said. â€Å"Americas enemies must never know our plans or believe they can wait us out.† Reports at the time indicated that top US military generals had advised Trump that a â€Å"few thousand† additional troops would help the U.S. make progress in eliminating the insurgent Taliban and other ISIS fighters in Afghanistan. The Pentagon stated at the time that the additional troops would be conducting counterterrorism missions and training Afghanistan’s own military forces.   Updated by Robert Longley

Why racial and sexual discrimination are immoral Essay

Why racial and sexual discrimination are immoral - Essay Example For example, when one is looking for a job and he/she is said by maybe the management or the person dealing with the recruitment drive that he/she doesn’t fit into the job just because of gender or race means that the organization is not after someone who can deliver but after someone to just fill the vacant position. To the organization, performance of the individual is not the hinge as it should be in normal circumstances. Also, when one seeks treatment in a hospital and he/she is denied medical services just because he does not belong to the right race or gender then the hospital fails in the mandate of its existence. The hospital is meant to offer medical services to people who in turn make payments which mean continuity. If the hospital fees are not accruing due to discrimination, then it means the hospitals existence is at threat which translates to many loosing their jobs and others loosing the opportunity to be get services. Again, when one is treated with bias in business matters, he/she may be the unexploited opportunity which other business partners have not discovered and which could take them a notch higher. In this case, such opportunity is given to the least deserving thus minimizing the returns of the venture. This means that, the main objective of the venture is not the driving force which will lead to more profits and thus the continuity of the venture. The three examples above confirm that, discriminating a person due to gender or race has nothing beneficial. According to Kantianism, an activities worth is measured according to its beneficial aspects. The number of good deeds resulting from the action should surpass the bad ones and if possible bad outcomes should be non-existent in any action that is taken by human beings (Jeremy, B 2007). When you get someone as an employee due to his/her race (as yours), then performance is compromised in this case. Giving a person an opportunity without regard of gender of race means that the

Healthcare management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthcare management - Essay Example However, the affordable healthcare act now stipulates that all citizens who do not have a form of employment are covered by Medicaid (Pipes, 2010). This, therefore, means that all patients are eligible for healthcare regardless of their risk factors and financial ability. This is a nightmare for most hospitals because it raises the cost of operations because the funding of this healthcare act is a collective venture (Pipes, 2010). As a result, there are certain costs that hospitals must try to avoid in order to maintain the business. First and foremost, hospitals must reduce redundancies in order to reduce recurrent expenditure. (Healthcareitnews.com, 2012) This is a tricky process as there is often a shortage of personnel hospitals, however, this must be done. Some personnel often carry out work that could be done by someone else or outsourced. For instance, some procedures that are non-essential could be outsourced to other hospitals. Also, the hospital should invest in a more stringent scrutiny measure for patients. (Ache.org, 2012)While this is an additional cost, it becomes an efficient criteria for identifying patients with high risk factors that could increase potential losses for the hospital. Finally, hospitals must look to find additional investors so as to increase the amount of capital in the running of the hospital. Healthcareitnews.com. (2012).  8 key issues for population health management in 2012 | healthcare it news. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/8-key-issues-population-health-management-2012 [Accessed: 18 Jan

ICT Specification Essay Example for Free

ICT Specification Essay This business is a company based on renting cars that are owned by the company itself to people which are in need of transportation and are willing to pay a one-off payment most cases to hire a car that may include a chauffeur if required this will be at extra cost. This company offers a number of things: * Unlimited mileage for your whole rental (except in a few instances*) * All mandatory insurances * A guaranteed discount for booking on line! * Waiver for collision damage liability (so you dont pay for damage to the vehicle, except for a normal excess and exceptions) * Waiver for vehicle theft (so you do not pay if your rental car is stolen, except for an excess) * All other direct charges or surcharges known pre-booking (with a few exceptions*) The company also has their own web page which can be used for various things. www.carrentals.co.uk It is run by Mr F James who started this business 4 years ago independently and has successfully been the manager at their main office which is located: 16 Waterworks street Aston Birmingham B6 6TR Overall they employ 15 people not including Mr James. These people do various jobs such as: * Customer services: await phone calls from the customers that have already rented a car encase there are any problems or any issues that need solving or they need assistance with. * Answering phones calls at first stage: this is when customers might call in for information or are first giving in their details to the company, to enable them access to a car. * Availability and returns personal: these are the people that update the database with information on cars that are available, new or they make sure the cars are return in the same condition they were handed out on. * Repairs: this is a mechanic who will restore and check the cars before they are given to the next customer. * Chauffeur: these are the personal that drive the customers if they require a driver. * Admin people: these are the people that keep control of the situation and make sure that everything is going according to their specification and they are meeting their customers needs. Furthermore this type of personal is in charge of all toe new buys the company makes for example in cars and they make sure improvements are made. The customers of this business are people in need to rent a car these people could be anyone whom for example, is in need of a trip therefore renting a car or is arriving at a new city or country and needs a pickup from the airport or wants a car to roam around the city with. Also there could be customers that are tired of driving the same car every day and want to upgrade to a higher class car for a week so that they can give themselves a luxurious experience.

Manipulation of Syntax in Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingw

Ernest Hemingway has a superbly unique style of writing in Hills Like White Elephants. His short, to the point syntax and sentence style plays a great role in helping readers understand the theme of this short story. The critique M.A.K. Halliday observed, â€Å"The story is frequently generated by the repetition of words, clauses, and groups of related words or ethical sets† (Link, Alex). The first set of dialogue that can be pulled from this story is story is short and to the point. The American states, â€Å"We can have the whole world.† Jig replies with â€Å"No, we can’t† (Hemingway, Ernest). The sentence length is very short, yet there is a hidden meaning behind the small talk. Jig is referring to not having the baby. She can have everything, but her will to decide things. She can’t have a baby due to unloving pressure from the American. It is in sync with the tone of the story perfectly. The tone is forward, direct, and shallow. Tha t is exactly what happens in this dialogue. There is no emotion, just pure sarcasm on a huge topic. Abortion to this couple is nothing more then a qui...

Analysis of Randall Jarrell’s “The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner” Essay

In today’s society, war is often perceived as glorious and mighty. Many movies leave out scenes of young soldiers throwing their lives away and thousands of people dying systematically in unheroic deaths. The poems, â€Å"The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner† and â€Å"Dulce et Decorum est† attempt to touch on the issues of war. In these poems, the narrators uses imagery, diction and sorrow to show the brutality and sorrow of war. â€Å"The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner,† by Randall Jarrell speaks of both the futility of life and the callousness of war. The ball turret gunner had perhaps the most dangerous job of the crew. Once inside the ball turret, the gunner had little room to move and was very cramped. In this cramped space, the gunner faced extremely cold temperatures and had to squeeze into a fetal position: â€Å"From my mother’s sleep I feel into the State, / And I hunched in its belly till my wet fur froze† (1-2). These lines can be attributed to futility of life in that, in most cases, and especially in this poem, when the ball turret and gunner leaves the â€Å"womb† of the Air Force plane, by dropping out of the fuselage, he faces death. In relating this to actual childbirth, Jarrell was perhaps stating that whoever is born into this world must eventually face death, some sooner than others. Jarrell could also be giving us an insight into the callousness of war, himse lf being a combatant. Many times, those fighting are very young, barely out of training. Perhaps Jarrell is using this poem to convey the fear of many young airmen who were taken away from their mother’s comfort and shoved into this harsh environment. The next line, â€Å"Six miles from earth, loosed from its dream of life† (3), also displays the futility of life. The gunner, so far away from everything that was comforting and familiar to him, felt detached from what he knew of life. He knew it was only a matter of time before â€Å"[the gunner] woke to black flak and the nightmare fighter† (4). The enemy fighter planes are referred to ass â€Å"nightmare fighters† because they frighteningly awoke the gunner from the dream-state he was in so far away from what he knew of reality. Noting the futility of life, the flak and the nightmare fighters could be seen as the tribulations that face us once the womb, leading us closer and closer to death. Also noting on the callousness of w ar, Jarrell shows that these young combatants faced frightening dangers such as flak exploding around them and enemy fighter planes strafing them. The last line  of the poem is perhaps the harshest reference to the futility of human life and the coldness of war, especially in WWII. The gunner states that, â€Å"When I died they washed me out of the turret with a hose† (5). This line seems to state that human life, especially in war-time, is so expendable that the remains of the former gunner are simply hosed out of the plane, in order to make way for the next expendable piece of war fodder. This also gives a very graphic picture of war. Not only was this man killed, but he was so badly mutilated that the most efficient way to remove his remains were not with a coffin, but a hose. The futility of life, according to Jarrell, is once again brought up in that the very thing that the gunner depended on to keep him alive, the plane, is the very thing that ended his life. In the poem, â€Å"Dulce et Decorum est,† Wilfred Owen shows his hatred for the romanticizing of war and war in general. Owen clearly states his disgust for whose who have ever been in war, yet romanticized it as the ultimate patriotic sacrifice when he writes in lines 21-28, â€Å"If you could†¦you would not tell with such high zest/ To children ardent for some desperate glory, / The old lie dulce et decorum est/ Pro patria mori.† Just like Jarrell, Owen shows the gruesome aspect of war in his poem. Wilfred Owen implements large amounts of detail. For instance, line 2 provides vivid images of exhausted soldiers trudging through the battlefield on their knees: â€Å"Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge.† Owen’s uses of detail, along with other literary devices such as similes, contribute to the vivid and gruesome imagery in this poem. In line 1, Owen uses a simile to describe the crawling soldiers and also in line 14 when he describes the how the soldiers struggled to put on their gas masks. These images induce a feeling of disgust and gruesomeness. It seems that Owen’s main goal is to produce an image, using such vivid and gruesome imagery, that the reader is chilled at the thought of experiencing something like this. The tone that Owen uses is unchanging throughout the poem. His tone is one of sorrow and regret directed toward the effects of war on young men, and a cautionary tone, warning those who would be fooled into believing that war is some kind of great adventure that all men should experience. The last few lines of the poem reveal Owen’s sympathy for those, as himself, who were lied to about what war was and are now trapped by its everlasting effects on their psyche.  However, by doing this, it also cautions readers about the realities of war. Sorrow goes hand in hand with war. No matter which side one is on, people must die, and a good purpose does not justify death. There is nothing heroic about dying unnoticed, while killing others for a cause that has been forgotten. Most of our society does not want to die in the first place, much less be killed brutally and not have anyone take the time for grieving the loss. In both poems, the authors really did bring out the beast of war. War is not heroic, it is not glorious, and it certainly is not glorious to die unnoticed.

National Territory of the Philippines Essay

The Constitution of the Philippines ( Filipino: Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas ) is the supreme jurisprudence of the Philippines. The Constitution presently in consequence was enacted in 1987. during the disposal of President Corazon Aquino. and is popularly known as the â€Å"1987 Constitution† . [ 1 ] Philippine constitutional jurisprudence experts recognize three other old fundamental laws as holding efficaciously governed the state — the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution. the 1973 Constitution. and the 1986 Freedom Constitution. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Fundamental laws for the Philippines were besides drafted and adopted during the ephemeral authoritiess of Presidents Emilio Aguinaldo ( 1898 ) and Jose P. Laurel ( 1943 ) . †¢ Background of the 1987 ConstitutionIn 1986. following the People Power Revolution which ousted Ferdinand Marcos as president. and following on her ain startup. Corazon Aquino issued Proclamation No. 3. declaring a national policy to implement the reforms mandated by the people. protecting their basic rights. following a probationary fundamental law. and supplying for an orderly interlingual rendition to a authorities under a new fundamental law. [ 4 ] President Aquino subsequently issued Proclamation No. 9. making a Constitutional Commission ( popularly abbreviated â€Å"Con Com† in the Philippines ) to border a new fundamental law to replace the 1973 Constitution which took consequence during the Marcos soldierly jurisprudence government. Aquino appointed 50 members to the Commission. The members of the Commission were drawn from varied backgrounds. including several former congresswomans. a former Supreme Court Chief Justice ( Roberto Concepcion ) . a Catholic bishop ( Teodoro Bacani ) and movie manager ( Lino Brocka ) . Aquino besides intentionally appointed 5 members. including former Labor Minister Blas Ople. who had been allied with Marcos until the latter’s ejector. After the Commission had convened. it elected as its president Cecilia Munoz-Palma. who had emerged as a prima figure in the anti-Marcos resistance following her retirement as the first female Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. The Commission finished the bill of exchange charter within four months after it was convened. Several issues were hotly debated during the Sessionss. including on the signifier of authorities to follow. the abolishment of the decease punishment. the continued keeping of the Clark and Subic American military bases. and the integrating of economic policies into the Constitution. Brocka would walk out of the Commission before its completion. and two other delegates would dissent from the concluding bill of exchange. The ConCom completed their undertaking on October 12. 1986 and presented the bill of exchange fundamental law to President Aquino on October 15. 1986. After a period of countrywide information run. a plebiscite for its confirmation was held on February 2. 1987. More than three-fourth of all ballots cast. 76. 37 % ( or 17. 059. 495 electors ) favored confirmation as against 22. 65 % ( or 5. 058. 714 electors ) who voted against confirmation. On February 11. 1987. the new fundamental law was proclaimed sanctioned and took consequence. On that same twenty-four hours. Aquino. the other authorities functionaries. and the Armed Forces of the Philippines pledged commitment to the Constitution. Significant characteristics of the 1987 Fundamental law The Constitution establishes the Philippines as a â€Å"democratic and republican State† . where â€Å"sovereignty resides in the people and all authorities authorization emanates from them† . ( Section 1. Article II ) Consistent with the philosophy of separation of powers. the powers of the national authorities are exercised in chief by three subdivisions — the executive subdivision headed by the President. the legislative subdivision composed of Congress and the judicial subdivision with the Supreme Court busying the highest grade of the bench. The President and the members of Congress are straight elected by the people. while the members of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President from a list formed by the Judicial and Bar Council. As with the American system of authorities. it is Congress which enacts the Torahs. topic to the veto power of the President which may however be overturned by a two-thirds ballot of Congress ( Section 27 ( 1 ) . Article VI ) . The President has the constitutional responsibility to guarantee the faithful executing of the Torahs ( Section 17. Article VII ) . while the tribunals are expressly granted the power of judicial reappraisal ( Section 1. Article VIII ) . including the power to invalidate or construe Torahs. The President is besides recognized as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces ( Section 18. Article VII ) . The Constitution besides establishes limited political liberty to the local authorities units that act as the municipal authoritiess for states. metropoliss. municipalities. and barangays. ( Section 1. Article X ) Local authoritiess are by and large considered as falling under the executive subdivision. yet local statute law requires enactment by duly elected local legislative organic structures. The Constitution ( Section 3. Article X ) mandated that the Congress would ordain a Local Government Code. The Congress punctually enacted Republic Act No. 7160. The Local Government Code of 1991. which became effectual on 1 January 1992. [ 5 ] The Supreme Court has noted that the Bill of Rights â€Å"occupies a place of primacy in the cardinal law† . [ 6 ] The Bill of Rights. contained in Article III. enumerates the specific protections against State power. Many of these wa rrants are similar to those provided in the American fundamental law and other democratic fundamental laws. including the due procedure and equal protection clause. the right against indefensible hunts and ictuss. the right to liberate address and the free exercising of faith. the right against self-incrimination. and the right to habeas principal. The range and restrictions to these rights have mostly been determined by Philippine Supreme Court determinations. Outside of the Bill of Rights. the Constitution besides contains several other commissariats reciting assorted province policies including. i. e. . the avowal of labour â€Å"as a primary societal economic force† ( Section 14. Article II ) ; the equal protection of â€Å"the life of the female parent and the life of the unborn from conception† ( Section 12. Article II ) ; the â€Å"Filipino household as the foundation of the nation† ( Article XV. Section 1 ) ; the acknowledgment of Filipino as â€Å"the national linguistic communication of the Philippines† ( Section 6. Article XVI ) . and even a demand that â€Å"all educational establishments shall set about regular athleticss activities throughout the state in cooperation with athletic nines and other sectors. † ( Section 19. 1. Article XIV ) Whether these commissariats may. by themselves. be the beginning of enforceable rights without attach toing statute law has been the topic of considerable argument in the legal domain and within the Supreme Court. The Court. for illustration. has ruled that a proviso necessitating that the State â€Å"guarantee equal entree to chances to public service† could non be enforced without attach toing statute law. and therefore could non exclude the disallowance of alleged â€Å"nuisance candidates† in presidential elections. [ 7 ] But in another instance. the Court held that a proviso necessitating that the State â€Å"protect and progress the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology† did non necessitate implementing statute law to go the beginning of operative rights. [ 8 ] Historical fundamental laws Fundamental law of Biak-na-Bato ( 1897 ) The Katipunan revolution led to the Tejeros Convention where. at San Francisco de Malabon. Cavite. on March 22. 1897. the first presidential and frailty presidential elections in Philippine history were held—although merely the Katipuneros ( members of the Katipunan ) were able to take portion. and non the general public. A ulterior meeting of the radical authorities established at that place. held on November 1. 1897 at Biak-na-Bato in the town of San Miguel de Mayumo in Bulacan. established the Republic of Biak-na-Bato. The democracy had a fundamental law drafted by Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer and based on the first Cuban Constitution. [ 9 ] It is known as the â€Å"Constitucion Provisional de la Republica de Filipinas† . and was originally written in and promulgated in the Spanish and Tagalog linguistic communications. [ 10 ] Malolos Constitution ( 1899 ) The Malolos Constitution was the first republican fundamental law in Asia. [ 11 ] It declared that sovereignty resides entirely in the people. stated basic civil rights. separated the church and province. and called for the creative activity of an Assembly of Representatives to move as the legislative organic structure. It besides called for a Presidential signifier of authorities with the president elected for a term of four old ages by a bulk of the Assembly. [ 12 ] It was titled â€Å"Constitucion politica† . and was written in Spanish following the declaration of independency from Spain. [ 13 ] proclaimed on January 20. 1899. and was enacted and ratified by the Malolos Congress. a Congress held in Malolos. Bulacan. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] Acts of the United States Congress The Philippines was a United States Territory from December 10. 1898 to March 24. 1934. [ 16 ] As such. the Philippines was under the legal power of the federal authorities of the United States during this period. Two Acts of the Apostless of the United States Congress passed during this period can be considered Filipino fundamental laws in that those Acts of the Apostless defined the cardinal political rules. and established the construction. processs. powers and responsibilities. of the Filipino authorities. 1. The Philippine Organic Act of 1902. sometimes known as the â€Å"Philippine Bill of 1902† . was the first organic jurisprudence for the Philippine Islands enacted by the United States Congress. It provided for the creative activity of a popularly elected Philippine Assembly. and specified that legislative power would be vested in a bicameral legislative assembly composed of the Filipino Commission ( upper house ) and the Philippine Assembly ( lower house ) . Its cardi nal commissariats included a measure of rights for the Filipinos and the assignment of two nonvoting Filipino occupant commissioners to stand for the Philippines in the United States Congress. 2. The Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916. sometimes known as â€Å"Jones Law† . modified the construction of the Filipino authorities by taking the Filipino Commission as the legislative upper house. replacing it with a Senate elected by Filipino electors. This act besides explicitly stated that it was and had ever been the intent of the people of the United States to retreat their sovereignty over the Filipino Islands and to acknowledge Filipino independency every bit shortly as a stable authorities can be established in this. Though non a fundamental law itself. the Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934 provided authorization and defined mechanisms for the constitution of a formal fundamental law via a constitutional convention. Commonwealth and Third Republic ( 1935 ) The 1935 Constitution was written in 1934. sanctioned and adopted by the Commonwealth of the Philippines ( 1935-1946 ) and subsequently used by the Third Republic of the Philippines ( 1946-1972 ) . It was written with an oculus to run intoing the blessing of the United States Government every bit good. so as to guarantee that the U. S. would populate up to its promise to allow the Philippines independency and non hold a premiss to keep onto its â€Å"possession† on the evidences that it was excessively politically immature and therefore unready for full. existent independency. The original 1935 Constitution provided for unicameral National Assembly and the President was elected to a six-year term without re-election. It was amended in 1940 to hold a bicameral Congress composed of a Senate and House of Representatives. every bit good the creative activity of an independent electoral committee. The Constitution now granted the President a four-year term with a upper limit of two back-to-back footings in office. A Constitutional Convention was held in 1971 to rewrite the 1935 Constitution. The convention was stained with apparent graft and corruptness. Possibly the most controversial issue was taking the presidential term bound so that Ferdinand E. Marcos could seek election for a 3rd term. which many felt was the true ground for which the convention was called. In any instance. the 1935 Constitution was suspended in 1972 with Marcos’ announcement of soldierly jurisprudence. the rampant corruptness of the constitutional procedure supplying him with one of his major premises for making so. Second Republic ( 1943 ) The 1943 Constitution was drafted by a commission appointed by the Philippine Executive Commission. the organic structure established by the Japanese to administrate the Philippines in stead of the Commonwealth of the Philippines which had established a government-in-exile. In mid-1942 Nipponese Premier Hideki Tojo had promised the Filipinos â€Å"the award of independence† which meant that the committee would be supplanted by a formal democracy. The Preparatory Committee for Philippine Independence tasked with outlining a new fundamental law was composed in big portion. of members of the prewar National Assembly and of persons with experience as delegates to the convention that had drafted the 1935 Constitution. Their bill of exchange for the democracy to be established under the Nipponese Occupation. nevertheless. would be limited in continuance. supply for indirect. alternatively of direct. legislative elections. and an even stronger executive subdivision. Upon blessing of the bill of exchange by the Committee. the new charter was ratified in 1943 by an assembly of appointed. provincial representatives of the Kalibapi. the organisation established by the Japanese to replace all old political parties. Upon confirmation by the Kalibapi assembly. the Second Republic was officially proclaimed ( 1943-1945 ) . Jose P. Laurel was appointed as President by the National Assembly and inaugurated into office in October 1943. Laurel was extremely regarded by the Japanese for holding openly criticised the US for the manner they ran the Philippines. and because he had a grade from Tokyo International University. The 1943 Constitution remained in force in Japanese-controlled countries of the Philippines. but was ne'er recognized as legitimate or binding by the authoritiess of the United States or of the Commonwealth of the Philippines and guerilla organisations loyal to them. In late 1944. President Laurel declared a province of war existed with the United States and the British Empire and proclaimed soldierly jurisprudence. basically governing by edict. His authorities in bend went into expatriate in December. 1944. first to Taiwan and so Japan. After the proclamation of Japan’s resignation. Laurel officially proclaimed the Second Republic as dissolved. Until the sixtiess. the Second Republic. and its officers. were non viewed as legitimate or as holding any standing. with the exclusion of the Supreme Court whose determinations. limited to reappraisals of condemnable and commercial instances as portion of a policy of discretion by Chief Justice Jose Yulo continued to be portion of the functionary records ( this was made easier by the Commonwealth ne'er representing a Supreme Court. and the formal vacancy in the main justness place for the Commonwealth with the executing of Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos by the Japanese ) . It was merely during the Macapagal disposal that a partial. political rehabilitation of the Japanese-era democracy took topographic point. with the acknowledgment of Laurel as a former president and the add-on of his cabinet and other functionaries to the roll of past authorities functionaries. However. the 1943 charter was non taught in schools and the Torahs of the 1943-44 National Assembly ne'er recognized as valid or relevant. The 1943 Constitution provided strong executive powers. The Legislature consisted of a unicameral National Assembly and merely those considered as anti-US could stand for election. although in pattern most legislators were appointed instead than elected. The New Society and the Fourth Republic ( 1973 ) The 1973 Constitution. promulgated after Marcos’ declaration of soldierly jurisprudence. was supposed to present a parliamentary-style authorities. Legislative power was vested in a National Assembly whose members were elected for six-year footings. The President was ideally supposed to be elected as the symbolic and strictly ceremonial caput of province from the Members of the National Assembly for a six-year term and could be re-elected to an limitless figure of footings. Upon election. the President ceased to be a member of the National Assembly. During his term. the President was non allowed to be a member of a political party or keep any other office. Executive power was meant to be exercised by the Prime Minister who was besides elected from the Members of the National Assembly. The Prime Minister was the caput of authorities and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces. This fundamental law was later amended four times ( arguably five depending on how one considers Proclamation No. 3 of 1986 ) . On October 16-17 1976. a bulk of barangay electors ( Citizen Assemblies ) approved that soldierly jurisprudence should be continued and ratified the amendments to the Constitution proposed by President Marcos. [ 19 ] The 1976 amendments were: †¢an Interim Batasang Pambansa ( IBP ) replacing for the Interim National Assembly †¢the President would besides go the Prime Minister and he would go on to exert legislative powers until soldierly jurisprudence should hold been lifted. The Sixth Amendment authorized the President to pass: Whenever in the judgement of the President there exists a sedate exigency or a menace or imminency thereof. or whenever the Interim Batasang Pambansa or the regular National Assembly fails or is unable to move adequately on any affair for any ground that in his judgement requires immediate action. he may. in order to run into the exigency. publish the necessary edicts. orders or letters of instructions. which shall organize portion of the jurisprudence of the land. The 1973 Constitution was further amended in 1980 and 1981. In the 1980 amendment. the retirement age of the members of the Judiciary was extended to 70 old ages. In the 1981 amendments. the false parliamentary system was officially modified into a French-style semi-presidential system: †¢executive power was restored to the President ;†¢direct election of the President was restored ;†¢an Executive Committee composed of the Prime Minister and non more than 14 members was created to â€Å"assist the President in the exercising of his powers and maps and in the public presentation of his responsibilities as he may order ; † and the Prime Minister was a mere caput of the Cabinet.†¢Further. the amendments instituted electoral reforms and provided that a natural born citizen of the Philippines who has lost his citizenship may be a transferee of private land for usage by him as his abode. The last amendments in 1984 abolished the Executive Committee and restored the place of Vice-President ( which did non be in the original. unamended 1973 Constitution ) . In existent pattern. while the 1973 Constitution was ideally supposed to put up a true parliamentary system. the late President Marcos had made usage of blind and use in order to maintain executive power for himself. instead than devolving executive powers to the Parliament. as headed by the Prime Minister. The terminal consequence was that the 1973 Constitution – due to all amendments and elusive uses – was simply the abolishment of the Senate and a series of decorative text-changes where the old American-derived nomenclatures such House of Representatives became known as the â€Å"Batasang Pambansa† ( National Assembly ) . Departments became known as â€Å"Ministries† . cabinet secretaries became known as â€Å"cabinet ministers† . and the President’s helper – the Executive Secretary – became known as the â€Å"Prime Minister. † Ultimately. Marcos’ alleged â€Å"Parliamentary System† hence functioned as an authoritarian-run Presidential System due to the series of amendments and other alterations put in topographic point after the 1973 Constitution was ratified. 1986 â€Å"Freedom Constitution† Following the EDSA People Power Revolution that removed President Ferdinand E. Marcos from office. the new President. Corazon C. Aquino issued Proclamation No. 3 as a probationary fundamental law to would fix for the following fundamental law. It adopted certain commissariats from the 1973 fundamental law and granted the President wide powers to reorganize the authorities and take functionaries from office. and mandated that the president would name a committee to outline a new fundamental law. refference/source ; # a B â€Å"The 1987 Fundamental law of the Republic of the Philippines† . 15 October 1986. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. thecorpusjuris. com/laws/constitutions/8-philippineconstitutions/70-1987-constitution. hypertext markup language. Retrieved 2008-04-03. # ^ Isagani Cruz ( 1993 ) . Constitutional Law. Quezon City. Philippines: Cardinal Lawbook Publishing Co. . Inc. . pp. 19. ISBN 971-16-0184-2. # ^ Joaquin Bernas. S. J. ( 1996 ) . The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines: A Commentary. Manila. Philippines: Rex Book Store. pp. xxxiv-xxxix. ISBN 971-23-2013-8. # ^ â€Å"1986 Provisional â€Å"Freedom† Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines† . 25 March 1986. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. thecorpusjuris. com/laws/constitutions/8-philippineconstitutions/69-1986-constitution. hypertext markup language. Retrieved 2008-04-03. # ^ â€Å"Local Government Code of 1991† . 1 January 1992. hypertext transfer pr otocol: //www. chanrobles. com/localgov. htm. Retrieved 2007-06-09. # ^ â€Å"People vs. Tatud ( G. R. No. 144037 ) † . Supreme Court of the Philippines. 26 September 2003. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. supremecourt. gov. ph/jurisprudence/2003/sep2003/144037. htm. Retrieved 2007-06-09. # ^ â€Å"Pamatong vs. Comelec ( G. R. No. 161872 ) † . SupremeCourt of the Philippines. 13 April 2004. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. supremecourt. gov. ph/jurisprudence/2004/apr2004/161872. htm. Retrieved 2007-06-09. # ^ â€Å"Oposa et Al. v. Fulgencio ( G. R. No. 101083 ) † . Supreme Court of the Philippines ( requoted by Lawphil. cyberspace ) . 30 July 1993. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. lawphil. net/judjuris/juri1993/jul1993/gr_101083_1993. hypertext markup language. Retrieved 2007-06-09. # ^ Wikisource-logo. svg 1897 Constitution of Biak-na-Bato ( Philippines ) at Wikisource. # ^ â€Å"1897 Biac-na-Bato Constitution† . Corpus Juris. 1 November 1897. h ypertext transfer protocol: //www. thecorpusjuris. com/laws/constitutions/8-philippineconstitutions/300-1897-biac-na-bato-constitution. hypertext markup language? showall=1. Retrieved 2009-01-25. # ^ Tucker. Spencer C. ( 2009 ) . The encyclopaedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American wars: a political. societal. and military history. ABC-CLIO. p. 364. ISBN 9781851099511. hypertext transfer protocol: //books. Google. com/ ? id=8V3vZxOmHssC # ^ Guevara. Sulpico. erectile dysfunction ( 2005 ) . The Torahs of the first Philippine Republic ( the Torahs of Malolos ) 1898-1899. . Ann Arbor. Michigan: University of Michigan Library ( published 1972 ) . pp. 104–119. hypertext transfer protocol: //quod. lib. umich. edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx? c=philamer ; iel=1 ; view=toc ; idno=aab1246. 0001. 001. Retrieved 2008-03-26. ( English interlingual rendition by Sulpicio Guevara ) # ^ Guevara 2005. p. 88.

Lying Explored in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof essays

Lying Explored in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof essays "Mendacity is a system that we live in. Liquor is one way out and death's the other."[1] This quote by Tennessee Williams is expressed throughout one of his best-known works, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, and the theme of mendacity permeates the entire play. Mendacity is a term that refers to lies, hypocrisy and deception that the Pollitt family uses to escape from falsehood. The overburdened circumstances of the family crisis reveal hidden truths that were being held by the characters in the play. Brick drinks in order to escape mendacity and lies, the Pollitt family, except Brick lies to Big Daddy about his terminal cancer and Big Daddy himself is Brick drinks in order to escape mendacity and lies. The alcohol helps him cope with issues he has bottled up inside and eases the pain he inflicts on himself by denying the nature of his relationship with Skipper and his culpability in Skippers self-destruction and death. Brick confesses to Maggie that alcohol is the only way he can obtain peace of mind and says, "The click in my head when I've had enough of this stuff to make me peaceful... (1.33)" Brick feels responsible for Skipper's suicide because he rejected him after he confessed his feelings for Brick. During his first real discussion with Big Daddy, Brick spits out his disgust with mendacity. He is repulsed with the fake life he has been living when his friendship with recently deceased Skipper was misinterpreted as "dirty". However, Big Daddy states that Brick's disgust with mendacity is really disgust with Uh-hu. Anyhow now!-we have tracked down the lie with which you're disgusted and which you are drinking to kill your disgust with, Brick. You been passing the buck. This disgust with mendacity is disgust with yourself. You!-dug the grave of your friend and kicked him in it!- before you'd face truth with him! (2.127) Big Daddy genuinely lov...

Choose the Best Time to Study for Finals

Choose the Best Time to Study for Finals With finals coming up in just a couple weeks, a lot of students start planning their studying schedules. However, theres an important factor to take into consideration when making a plan: when do you study best? Youve heard of â€Å"morning† and â€Å"night† people, right? Some people simply function better in the morning than at night while others struggle to get out of bed in the morning but have no problem burning the midnight oil. Each individual has times during the day when their brain is more alert and theyre able to assimilate and process information as well as create and produce. Trying to push through during the other hours can not only be unproductive, it can also be counter-productive. Thats because the study session wont have been successful, leading to burn-out and discouragement. Finding out the best time to study can help you make the most of your limited time during finals season. Why It Matters During Finals During finals period, this concept is particularly relevant. By identifying when youre most alert, you can plan a study schedule that allows you to maximize your productivity. You can choose to rest or do other activities during your less productive hours to make sure you can make the most out of your â€Å"on† time. How To Identify Your Most Productive Time Most people have an instinct for when theyre most productive. If you tend to be bright and ready for the day in the morning but hit a slump after lunch, and tend to knock off early, falling asleep while reading at 9p.m., you can assume that mornings are your best time. If mornings are tough for you and you generally need a landslide of caffeine to get you moving, slowly working your way up to speed as the day wears on and peaking at night after dinner, then your nights will be your most productive times. Some people have slow mornings and early nights but tend to burst with energy in the afternoons. In that case, your most productive time will be during the afternoon. Of course, the best way to be sure is to test this theory out. Choose to study in the morning, afternoon and night and see which one works best for you. If you have the chance to give this a test drive before the finals season hits, it could really help you make the most out of your study time. How Can You Maximize Your Productive Hours? Once you discover your best working time, you should find ways to guard that precious time. Eliminate or at least limit your distractions as much as possible. A quiet, isolated place to study would be ideal so you dont run the risk of friends or family members interrupting you. Turning off phones or putting them on silent or vibrate is also a helpful way to keep distractions to a minimum. Dont tempt yourself with social media during these hours, either. Leave that for another time. Create a Pattern If you can create and stick to a schedule, it will be even more beneficial to your productivity. Adhering to a specific plan every day helps trigger the brain into â€Å"work mode† when its time for serious studying and can enhance your productivity even more. The more consistent you are, the better your work sessions will be. Dont just be consistent with your work, though. Being consistent with the things you do outside of your studying hours is also important. Exercise, eating, and sleeping routines also help keep the brain and body in top running condition. Many successful writers keep consistent schedules. Acclaimed author Haruki Murakami keeps a rigorous schedule of waking at 4am, writing for five or six hours, running or swimming or both and then reading and listening to music. Bed-time is 9:00pm. He describes this process of bringing himself into a kind of a trance with a repetitive pattern that he can rely on every day. Whichever time of day is best for your studies, make sure to get the most out of it by limiting distractions and making the most of your â€Å"off† time as well.

Global Warming & Climate Change Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global Warming & Climate Change - Article Example Johannessen notes that global warming is so alarming because it is not only being contributed for by nature, only but also human activities. According to Johannessen, the issue is too vital due to the increasing and further expected increase of the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. For instance, he argues that the amount of this gas was recorded high in the year 2011 and the value is expected to increase in the years to come. Notably, it is true that global warming is threatening the world and its leaders. However, global warming cannot only attribute to the increased emission into the atmosphere. In fact, even if human beings stop emitting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, global warming will still be a threat since the ozone is already depleted and it contributes to the increase of generation of greenhouse gases through radical reaction mechanisms into the atmosphere. As Johannessen note, it is true that carbon dioxide is a threat of increasing global warming and they can be released into the atmosphere naturally and through human activities. Nonetheless, there is an increased human activity including industrialization activities that put the world at much greater risk of global warming. However, Johannessen should consider that the atmosphere has no walls; therefore, the environmental effects initiated from a certain location will automatically spread to entirely all parts of the world (Archer, 201 2). Therefore, the efforts to reduce globalization should be contributed for by all nations of the world.

Global Marketing and Measuring Competitive Advantage Essay

Global Marketing and Measuring Competitive Advantage - Essay Example Competitive advantage according to Michael Porter of Harvard Business School means that a company is performing better than rivals by engaging in different activities or performing similar activities in different ways. If a company continues to copy the competitors it is not possible to remain competitive for long. At the same time just doing something different does not ensure sustainable competitive advantage. Competitors are always at work and are drawn to new technologies and business techniques. According to Collier (n.d.) if a company is able to attract investment it has competitive advantage because this denotes a healthy stock price. Once capital starts flowing towards the company the competitive disadvantage starts disappearing. Companies often try to be unique in some resource to give them the competitive advantage. A SWOT analysis helps to determine its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. This does not still determine whether a firm is competitive or has competitive advantage. Hence to determine the competitive advantage the resource must be unique and not easy to duplicate. It should be hard to copy and should be durable. It should definitely be superior and should be trumped by the different capabilities of the rivals. To remain competitive a firm needs to identify the weakness in its processes or resources. Identifying the weakness itself allows the firm to work towards overcoming the weakness. Drawing up a SWOT analysis helps the company to assess the overall situation and then take corrective steps like protection against threats or better utilization of its unique resources (Parbotek, n.d.). To determine whether a company has competitive cost advantage, analytical tools like value chain analysis and benchmarking are used. Value chain is a linked set of activities that add value to the activities performed internally. Value chain depends upon the strategy, the internal operations,

Gangrene in the United States Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gangrene in the United States - Research Paper Example Serious injuries, diabetes, and long-term smoking can cause this disease. Physicians believe that blood vessel diseases like arteriosclerosis increase an individual’s risk for gangrene. In addition, surgeries and suppressed immune system resulting from issues like HIV or chemotherapy may lead to the development of gangrene in individuals. Clostridium perifringens is a gangrene causing bacteria. Finally, trauma is also a potential cause of this disease. The symptoms of gangrene may vary in accordance with the location and cause of the disease. If the affected area is close to the skin, the symptoms may be foul-smelling discharge and loss of feeling sensation in that particular area. In addition, discoloration is another major symptom of gangrene. The affected region will be turned black or blue if the skin is affected whereas it will become red or bronze in color if the affected location is beneath the skin. Symptoms like fever, low BP, severe pain, confusion, and generally ill feeling may appear if the gangrene affected location is inside the body. In severe cases, amputation of the affected body part is the only treatment for gangrene. Sometimes, emergency operations are performed to increase blood supply to the affected area and to locate and remove dead tissues. In some other cases, antibiotics can treat the disease. Gangrene is more common in an old population as they are prone to health problems like diabetes and blood vessel diseases. A Medical News Today report indicates that in the US, the gangrene victims’ average age was 72 years in 2003; and in addition, 56 percent of an affected individual were men in the same year. This disease is found all over the world despite socio-economic differences. The geographic distribution of gangrene causing bacteria (Clostridium perifringens) is worldwide.  

Women In Heart Of Darkness Analysis English Literature Essay

Women In Heart Of Darkness Analysis English Literature Essay Another example of this fantasy world that women live in occurs when Marlow tells the Intended of Kurtzs last words. Like Marlows aunt, the Intended represents women of Victorian England in that her reality was based on the faith that was in herthat great and saving illusion that shone with an unearthly glow in the darkness (133). To Marlow, women must live in a perfect world: They-the women I mean-are out of it-should be out of it. We must help them to stay in that beautiful world of their own, lest ours get worse (97). Again, women are shown to be ignorant of reality and are treated in view of that, such as when Kurtz describes the Intended as one item in a list of his property: My intended, my ivory, my station, my river, my- (97). Note, however, that only Marlow and Kurtz make these comments on the ignorance of women, and it is because of this view that Marlow lies to the Intended. In contrast to the Intended, the native mistress first appearance gives readers an image of a bold and courageous woman. She alone stands on the shore as men fire guns at the natives and is described as a wild and gorgeous apparition of a womansavage and superb, wild-eyed and magnificent (113). The image she radiates seems unlike that of Marlows aunt or the Intended, in that the native woman has a commanding presence within her tribe. In actuality, despite the appearance of importance, she is regarded by men as expendable. The Russian says, If she had offered to come aboard I really think I would have tried to shoot her (114). Marlow and his men are allowed to help Kurtz, but the native woman is not even allowed to suggest helping. This inferiority of the native mistress in the Congo parallels the same role of the Intended in European civilization: women are helpless without men. This is evident when the barbarous and superb womanstretched tragically her bare arms after us over the somber and glittering river (122), identical to when the Intended put out her arms as if after a retreating figure, stretching them back and with clasped pale handsresembling in this gesture another one, tragic also, and bedecked with powerless charms, stretching bare brown arms over the glitter of the infernal stream, the stream of darkness (134). Symbolically, this motion signifies the inexplicable female dependence on men in that both women reached out for Kurtz. Furthermore, the gesture demonstrates a side of women cultured by men, a refusal to accept reality. This is also shown by the native womans apparent unawareness of Kurtzs atrocities. When taking into consideration all the male influences on women in the novel, it is impossible to support the notion that women were in any sense important. In the entire Heart of Darkness, few women are mentioned. Those that are have minor roles and are either regarded as inferior to men or detached from reality, despite having an artificial sense of value. This view of women is representative of the Victorian era in that women were male property. The importance of this notion, however, is that it is blatantly exemplified in the novel, raising the question of whether Conrad also held the same view as the men in the story. This is not only prevalent in Heart of Darkness, but it can be seen everywhere in history, even today.

Cross-Cultural :: essays research papers

Cross-Cultural Introspective   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Culture is the customs, institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or group. My culture has influenced me in many ways. Being an African American woman, I have to strive to the best I can be. My ancestors died, so that I may live a full and wonderful life. I have to take advantage of every opportunity that comes my way. I believe that I am black first and a woman second. As an African American, I feel that I have to prove myself to the world. I fell that I have to show them that I can make it. I am not a lost cause. My ancestor have taught me that my values and beliefs does matter. Family, education, and religion are the three most important things in my life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My family is the most important thing in my life. Everything I am, is because of my family. In a African American family the mother is a lot of times the strongest figure. They are equal to their husbands, they share work responsibilities inside and outside the home. My parents stressed morality, the value of labor, and education, and racial uplift. My mother took my brother and I regularly to church. My mother was very strict with us. My father insisted that we work hard in order for the us to be successful. My grandmother is considered our strong figure. Strong religious orientation has been a factor in African-American culture for many years. My grandmother learned to read and write at church. As a little she went to Mount Calvary Baptist in New Iberia, Louisiana. Her churched formed schools for free blacks, as well as for slaves; created institutions, such as banks, hospitals, and homes. My grandmother said church and religion was a way to bringing a positive outcome to her life. My grandmother, Dorothy Harding, was an astonishing woman. My grandmother was a strong, proud, beautiful black woman. She was the rock of our family. I can remember when she would sit all of us on the floor and tell us about her childhood. She would start off by saying   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"You’ll never know what it was like growing up in 1940,† then she would continue with â€Å"all you do is complain, but let me tell you, you have it very easy.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Then she would go on to say how her family had no money and that she never had her own pair of shoes.

Argumentative Essay on Cigarette Smoking

â€Å"Cigarette smoking in the Philippines should be banned because it poses a great threat to the health of the family members† Argumentative essay I. Introduction A. It has been an increasing concern about the effects of smoking in the family. B. Cigarette smoking not only affects the smoker but also the others around the smoker. II. Body (Discuss the issue) A. Smoking is mostly caused by sociocultural factors. * They smoke to gain adult status. * They smoke to conform to their social group. B. Smoking causes cancer and other respiratory diseases. C. When there is a smoker in the family; it is most likely that the members of the family will be influenced by smoking. III. Cigarette smoking should be banned to decrease the health threats. Cigarette smoking is the inhalation of gases and hydrocarbon vapors generated by slowly burning tobacco in cigarettes. The harmful substances found in cigarettes and cigars are the carbon monoxide, nicotine, and tar. Carbon monoxide is the gas that impairs the capacity of the blood to supply adequate amounts of oxygen to the vital organs of the body and is responsible for the shortness of breath among smokers. Nicotine is the substance that creates dependence on tobacco and is responsible in raising blood pressure and heart rate. The tar is the brownish viscous substance found in smoke known to be a cancer-causing agent. Cigarette smoking is a major cause of preventable diseases and premature death. Smoking has been associated with lung cancer, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes. Taking in a lot of these chemicals harms your body in severe ways. You will have incurable diseases and suffer from it. Most of the smokers know that already, they just can’t quit yet because of its addicting content. But, they do need to be aware that cigarette smoking causes harm not only to the smoker but also to the people around him. It has been an increasing concern about the effects of the smoking habits of a family member to other members of the family. Secondhand smoke also known as passive smoke, â€Å"is a mixture of 2 forms of smoke that comes from burning tobacco: Sidestream smoke (smoke that comes from the lighted end of a cigarette and mainstream smoke (smoke exhaled by a smoker)† (â€Å"Secondhand smoke,† 2011). It is passive smoking when non-smokers are exposed to secondhand smoke (â€Å"Secondhand smoke,† 2011).. When they inhale secondhand smoke, they take in nicotine and other chemicals just like the smokers do (â€Å"Secondhand smoke,† 2011). According to the quittersguide, â€Å"secondhand smoke immediately affects the heart and blood circulation, and over time it causes heart disease and lung cancer† (quittersguide, 2008). Smoking is mostly caused by the sociocultural factor. They smoke because they need to fit in with their social group who smoke (Cortes, 2011). It is because some think when you are smoking cigarettes, you would look cool. For teens, they smoke because they want to attain adult status (Cortes, 1998). Some teens think that if you smoke cigarettes, you would look mature because normally, adults smoke but now even teens do it. Sometimes, they learn how to smoke because of curiosity. A Youth Tobacco Survey by the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Philippine Chapter has been conducted among grade school and high school students in Metro Manila. Dr. Lopez said that â€Å"the DOH survey found that an estimated 42 per cent students have tried smoking cigarettes, with 15 per cent admitting they smoked their first stick before reaching the age of 10. Twenty-two per cent, practically the same as the ACCP survey s 18. per cent, admitted to being current smokers. † (â€Å"Cigarette smoking among teens is high,† 2006) In addition to that the DOH also found out that exposure to cigarette smoking in the environment is very high with 60 per cent of parents of the respondents smoking at home. Peer influence also came up with 3 out of 4 students reported that their friends s moke in their presence (â€Å"Cigarette smoking among teens is high,† 2006). Ye (2001) stated, â€Å"The tobacco or cigarette is the most substantial and successful economic enterprises † (p. 1). It provides jobs and gains taxes for the government (Ye, 2001). Cigarette production greatly helps the country's economy as well as being an import and export material. However, effects of cigarette smoking turned bad. According to Bihari (2007), It was 1950 when the first major evidence that links cigarette smoking to serious studies by Doll and Hill (1950) and Wynder and Graham (1950). In July 1954, Reader's Digest published a lead article (Miller & Monahan, 1954) that exposes the health hazards of smoking by linking smoking and lung cancer (Bihari, 2007). The results were a drastic decline on cigarette consumption per head (Bihari, 2007). By 1955, cigarette consumption rose again. Although there have been an increasing number of medical studies linking smoking to serious diseases such as cancer and respiratory diseases, the government began to consider measure to control smoking (Bihari, 2007). Smoking is a major factor in heart diseases and â€Å"seems to be the most common factor in an environment which leads to heart attack† (Andrada, 1993). Even though the government was largely swayed by the tobacco lobby, they began to take action because of the pressures from anti-smoking lobby and the growing concerns of concerned people (Bihari, 2007). They have already put a ban on advertising cigarettes on television and other types of Medias (Mizrahy, 1998). Even from constant reminders from the media, the anti-smoking people and even the cigarette package has a warning, many people are still smoking. A member in the family who is a smoker immediately harms other members of the family. Children in particular are much more sensitive to secondhand smoke (â€Å"smoking and your family,† 2008). Risks of asthma, ear infection and lung diseases increases when they are exposed to secondhand smoke (â€Å"Smoking and your family,† 2008). Some of these problems can be serious and even life-threatening. Others may seem like small problems, but they add up quickly: think of the expenses, doctor visits, medicines, lost school time, and often lost work time for the parent who must take the child to the doctor† (Secondhand smoke, 2011) Some people when they smoke at home, they are aware that it is their body that they are d estroying. However, they are not aware that it is not only them that are harmed, but also the other people around them especially their family (quittersguide, 2008). According to Bantle and Haisken-DeNew (2002), â€Å"We find strong evidence, that parental smoking significantly increases the probability that their children likewise become smokers. Youths living in families with both parents smoking are 3. 3 times more likely to smoke themselves, while a smoking father raises the probability by the factor 2. 8 and a smoking mother by the factor 2. 1. † It is also agreed by quittersguide (2008) that the children of smokers are most likely to be smokers but they will probably start in their teens which may make it difficult for them to quit. When parents smoke, it is also most likely that the addiction will be passed from one member to another so that the whole family will be smokers. Tolerant attitudes of parent towards smoking creates higher smoking risks while parents who do not approve of smoking and â€Å"does not make it known are less likely to raise children who smoke†(OMalley, 2010). So, why won't we ban cigarette smoking and its production? It is because of production of this provides jobs and gains taxes for the government (Ye, 2001). Moreover, some officials won’t permit to it because they work for the government and the government gains taxes from those who buy cigarettes. Additionally, if you ban cigarette production, circulation, buying and selling, addicted cigarette smokers will go crazy because cigarette contains nicotine which is addictive and relatively damages the brain so it will be hard to ban. But, even if it provides jobs and gains taxes for the government which is a good thing economically, the result of the product they produce harms and kills people even though the some of the people are not into smoking. So, it would be a good thing to ban cigarettes and find a new source of income like those handmade stuff or they research about a new product to manufacture which will be a hit, at the same time not dangerous. The government has taken 17 years(1987) when the first bill on anti-smoking was introduced in the Philippines for it to be passed into law (Mercado, 2010). It should be clear that cigarette smoking should be banned in the Philippines because of the effects poses a great threat to the people. Fortunately, some voices were heard some provisions were made that smoking will be banned in public places (Tan, 2011). And, what should be done is that smoking should be discouraged to the people. References: Bihari S, B. A. , M. S. W. , M. C. M. , M. S. A. E. (2007). History of government regulation on cigarette industry. Essays on the Effect of Government Intervention on the Conduct and Performance of Cigarette Firms. Retrieved from http://0-proquest. umi. com. lib1000. dlsu. edu. ph/pqdlink? RQT=306;TS=1313073324;clientId=47883 Ye, Y. (2001). Introduction. A Microeconometric Analysis of Cigarette Consumption. Retrieved from http://0-proquest. umi. com. lib1000. dlsu. edu. ph/pqdlink? RQT=306;TS=1313